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 * 梁啟超 ** LIANG QICHAO


 * BIOGRAPHY**

Liang Qichao was a Chinese journalist, scholar, philosopher and reformist during the Qing Dynasty. He was a very talented writer who started writing thousand word essay when he was nine years old. Liang's first political career began in **1895**. K'ang Yu-Wei, Liang Qichao's Confucius teacher, and Liang Qichao protested the Treaty of Shimonoseki. [2] However, this protest had no visible impact. Due to several problems, Liang Qichao was exiled to Japan in **1898**. After one year, during the Boxer's Rebellion, he was at Canada. In **1900-1901**, Liang Qichao visited Australia on a six month tour. Liang Qichao, a renowned reformist, wanted to adopt the western technology, industry and the government system from Australia. [1]


 * PHILOSOPHY**

Liang Qichao's philosophy was based on the chinese reforms. He thought the chinese need to be ruled by a despotic style of government. Liang Qichao also believed in there should be a change in the chinese culture. He believes that without changes in culture or the attitude, other changes would be impossible. Lian Qichao believes that this cultural reform could reinforce the social cohesion. [3]


 * WHO OPPOSED LIANG QICHAO?**

Cixi opposed reforms, since she thought the reform was too radical. In 1898, the Conservative Coup exiled Liang to Japan, stopping the reforms. [2]


 * PRIMARY SOURCES**

Since  the  appearance  of  mankind  on  earth,  thousands  of  countries  have  existed  on the earth. Of  these,  however,  only  about  a  hundred  still  occupy  a  place  on  the  map  of  the five continents. And  among  these  hundred‑odd  countries  there  are  only  four  or  five  great  powers  that  are  strong  enough  to  dominate  the  world  and  to  conquer nature. All  countries  have  the  same  sun  and  moon,  all  have  mountains  and  rivers,  and  all  consist  of  people  with  feet  and  skulls; but some countries rise while others fall, and some become strong while others are weak. Why? Some  attribute  it  to  geographical advantages. But  geographically,  America  today  is  the  same  as  America  in  ancient  times;  why  then  do  only  the  Anglo‑Saxons  enjoy  the glory? Similarly, ancient Rome was the same as Rome today; why then have the Latin people declined  in it  is  no  longer seen; Mongolia once had Chinggis Khan, and yet today it can hardly maintain its existence. Ah! I  know  the reason. A  state  is  formed  by  the  assembling  of people. The  relationship of a nation to its  people resembles that of the  body  to  its four  limbs, five  viscera,  muscles, veins, and corpuscles. It has never happened that the four limbs could be cut off, the  five body  still live. Similarly,  it  has  never  happened  that  a  people  could  be  foolish,  timid, disorganized, for rich. [4]


 * SOURCE**

1) "A Chinese Reformer at the Birth of a Nation: Liang Quichao and the Chinese Heritage of Australian Federation." Web. 12 May 2010. . 2) "Liang Qichao: Biography from Answers.com." //Answers.com: Wiki Q&A Combined with Free Online Dictionary, Thesaurus, and Encyclopedias//. Web. 12 May 2010. . 3) "Liang Qichao of the Qing Dynasty and His Vision of China's Future." //Associated Content - Associatedcontent.com//. Web. 12 May 2010. . 4) "Powered by Google 문서도구." //Welcome to Google Docs//. Web. 12 May 2010. .

Sangwoo Song 10.05.12 D-block